Hindi Poetry in Gurmukhi

Abul Hasan Yamin-ud-Din Khusro (1253-1325) popularily known as Amir Khusro was an Indian musician, scholar and poet. He was a Sufi mystic and a spiritual disciple of Nizamuddin Auliya of Delhi. He wrote poetry in Persian and Hindavi. He is regarded as the ‘father of qawwali’. He enriched Hindustani classical music by introducing Persian and Arabic elements in it. He was the originator of the khayal and tarana styles of music. He also invented tabla. His verse forms include Ghazal, Masnavi, Qata, Rubai, Do-Beti and Tarkibhand. His main poetical works are Tuhfa-tus-Sighr, Wastul-Hayat, Ghurratul-Kamaal,Nihayatul-Kamaal, Mathnavi Noh Sepeh etc. Khusro's Hindavi Poetry {pahelis (riddles), dohas (couplets) and geets (songs)} seem to have been orally transferred from generation to generation by Qawwals, mirasees (professional singers), bhands (stage performers) and women-folk.

Abul hsn XmInudIn Kusro (1253-1325) Awm lokW iv`c AmIr Kusro dy nW nwl pRis`D hn [auh iek mhwn sMgIqkwr, ivdvwn Aqy kvI sn [auh sUPI rhsvwdI sn Aqy id`lI vwly injwmudIn AOlIAw aunHW dy AiDAwqmk gurU sn [ aunHW ny PwrsI Aqy ihMdvI iv`c kwiv rcnw kIqI [ aunHW nUM k`vwlI dy ipqw vjoN jwixAw jWdw hY [ aunHW ny ihMdusqwnI SwsqRI sMgIq iv`c ArbI Aqy PwrsI sMgIq dw sumyl krky ies nUM hor AmIr kIqw [ aunHW ny sMgIq iv`c ^Xwl Aqy qrwnw dy nwl nwl qbly dI vI eIjwd kIqI [aunHW ny Zzl, msnvI, kqw, rubweI do-byqI Awid iv`c kwiv rcnw kIqI [aunHW dIAW muK kwiv rcnwvW quhPw-qus-isZr, vsqul-hXwq, Zu`rwqul-kmwl, inhwXqul-kmwl Awid hn [ aunHW dI ihMdvI rcnw iv`c phylIAW, dohy, gIq Awid Swiml hn [aunHW dIAW ihMdvI rcnwvW k`vwlW, imrwsIAW, BMfW Aqy Awm iesqRIAW rwhIN iek pIVHI qoN dUjI pIVHI q`k pu`jIAW hn [

Sant Namdev Ji (29 October, 1270 – 1350) was born in the state of Maharashtra village of Narasi-Bamani, in Satara district (presently called Narsi-Namdev). His father, a calico printer/tailor, was named Damsheti and his mother's name was Gonabai. The spiritual message of Bhagat Namdev emphasized the importance of living the life of a householder (grist jeevan). In the company of Jnanadeva and other saints, he roamed about the country and later came to the Punjab where he is said to have lived for more than twenty years at Ghuman, in Gurdaspur district. He wrote poetry in Marathi, Hindi and Punjabi. His poetry is included in Guru Granth Sahib.

sMq nwmdyv jI (29 AkqUbr, 1270 – 1350) dw jnm mhwrwStr dy ipMf nrsI-vwmnI ivc hoieAw [ ieh ipMf ijlHw sqwrw ivc hY qy hux iesdw nW nrsI nwmdyv hY [aunHW dy ipqw jI dw nW dmSytI Aqy mwqw jI dw nW gonwbweI sI [ aunHW dy ipqw jI drjI(CINby) dw ik`qw krdy sn [aunHW r`b dI BgqI Aqy giRhsQ jIvn dI aucqw au`qy zor id`qw [sMq igAwndyv Aqy hor sMqW sMg Awp ny swry dyS dw BRmx kIqw [ auh pMjwb dy gurdwspur ijlHy dy ipMf Gumwx ivc vIh swl rhy [ aunHW ny mrwTI , ihMdI Aqy pMjwbI ivc kwiv rcnw kIqI [ aunHW dI bwxI gurU gRMQ swihb ivc vI drj hY [

Bhagat Kabir also famous as Sant Kabir (1398-1518) was a great mystic poet who influenced the Bhakti movement in a big way. His poetry is included in the Sacred Granth (Guru Granth Sahib) of the Sikhs. His followers are known as Kabir Panthis. His writings include Bijak, Sakhi Granth, Kabir Granthawali and Anurag Sagar. He was fearless and brave social reformer. He wrote his poetry in the language of the masses.

Bgq kbIr jI (1398-1518) sMq kbIr dy nW nwl vI mShUr hn [auh rh`svwdI kvI sn qy aunHW dw BgqI AMdoln qy fUMGw Asr ipAw [aunHW dI bwxI is`KW dy Dwrimk gRMQ (gurU gRMQ swihb) iv`c vI drj kIqI geI hY [aunHW dy pYrokwrW nUM kbIr pMQI vjoN jwixAw jWdw hY [aunHW dIAW prmu`K rcnwvW bIjk, swKI gRMQ, kbIr gRMQwvlI Aqy Anurwg swgr hn [ auh inDVk Aqy bhwdur smwj suDwrk sn [aunHW ny AwpxI rcnw Awm lokW dI bolI iv`c rcI [

Bhagat Ravidas Ji is also known as Sant Ravidas, Guru Ravidas, Raidas, Rohidas and Ruhidas. He lived in 15th century. His devotional songs and verses made a lasting impact upon the bhakti movement. He was a socio-religious reformer, a thinker, a theosophist, a humanist and a poet. He was a shoemaker of the Kutbandhla Chamar caste. His 40 devotional songs were included in the Shri Guru Granth Sahib by Guru Arjan Dev Ji. There is also a larger body of hymns passed on independently that is claimed and attributed to Ravidas by some. His poetry is brimming with ardent love for God, Universe, Nature, Guru, and the Name.

Bgq rvIdws jI nUM sMq rvIdws, gurU rvIdws, rYdws, rohIdws Aqy rUhIdws dy nwvW nwl vI jwixAw jWdw hY [ auh pMdrvIN sdI ivc hoey [ aunHW dI rcnw dw BgqI ivcwrDwrw auqy fUMGw pRBwv ipAw [ auh iek smwj suDwrk, mwnvvwdI, Dwrimk mnu`K, icMqk Aqy mhwn kvI sn [ aunHW dw sMbMD duinAwvI qOr qy kutbWFlw cmwr jwqI nwl sI [ aunHW dy 40 Sbd SRI gurU gRMQ swihb ivc drj hn [ ies qoN ielwvw vI aunHW dI kwPI rcnw imldI hY [ aunHW dI rcnw r`b, gurU, bRhmMf Aqy kudrq nwl pRym dw sunyhw idMdI hoeI mnu`K dI BlweI qy jor idMdI hY [

Bhagat Surdas Ji (Sant Kavi Surdas) was a 15th century blind saint, poet and musician. He is known for his devotional songs dedicated to Lord Krishna. He was among the eight disciples of Shri Vallabhacharya. These disciples are well known as the Ashta-chhaap. His poetical works are Sur Sagar, Sur-Saraval and Sahitya-Lahiri. He wrote his poetry in Braj Bhasha, a dialect of Hindi.

Bgq sUrdws jI pMdrHvIN sdI dy pRis`D sMq, kvI qy sMgIqkwr sn [ ikhw jWdw hY ik auh jnm qoN hI nzr-hIx sn [ aunHW dy Bjn ikRSn BgqI iv`c EqpRoq hn [ auh SRI v`lBwcwrIAw jI dy A`T cyilAW iv`coN sn [ ienHW A`TW cyilAW nUM Ast-Cwp dy nW nwl vI jwixAW jWdw hY [ sMq sUrdws jI dIAW kwiv rcnwvW sUr swgr, sUr swrwvlI Aqy swihqX-lihrI hn [ aunHW dI rcnw ihMdI bolI dI aupbolI bRj BwSw iv`c hY [

Meera Bai (1498-1547) was a saint, poet, singer and devotee of Lord Krishna. Meera, a Rajput princess was born in Kurki, a little village near Merta City in Rajasthan ( India). Her father, Jai Singh Aman, was a friend of the Rahore clan. She was highly influenced by her father’s devotion towards Lord Krishna. Meera was married to Prince Bhoj Raj, the eldest son of Rana Sanga of Chittor. She was not happy with her marriage as she considered herself already married to Krishna. Her husband died in a battle in 1527 AD. She had to bear many hardships in her in laws’ house. She wrote Barsi Ka Mayra, Geet Govind Teeka, Rag Govind and Rag Sorath Ke Pad. Most of his Padas are devted to Lord Krishna.

mIrw bweI (1498-1547) iek sMq kvI qy gwiek sI [aunHW dw nW BgqI Dwrw dy mu`K sMq BgqW iv`c AwauNdw hY [ mIrw dw jnm rwjsQwn dy myrtw Sihr lwgly ipMf kuVkI iv`c hoieAw [ bcpn iv`c mIrw Awpxy ipqw jI dI ikRSx BgqI qoN bhuq pRBwivq hoeI [ aunHW dI SwdI rwxw sWgw dy v`fy pu`qr Boj rwj nwl hoeI [mIrw ies SwdI qoN ^uS nhIN sI ikauNik auh ikRSx nUM hI Awpxw sB kuJ mMndI sI [ Boj rwj 1527 iv`c lVweI iv`c mwry gey [ ausqoN bwd ausnUM Awpxy shury pirvwr iv`c bVIAW muSiklW dw swhmxw krnw ipAw [ aunHW dIAW rcnwvW hn-brsI kw mwXrw, gIq goivMd tIkw, rwg goivMd Aqy rwg sorT ky pd [

Khanzada Mirza Khan Abdul Rahim Khan-e-Khana (17 December 1556 – 1627), was also known as Rahim. He was one of the nine ministers (the Navaratnas) in the court of Mughal emperor Akbar. He is popular for his Hindi couplets (Dohas) and his books on Astrology. The village of Khankhana, named after him, is located in the Nawanshahr district of the state of Punjab (India). Mirza Abdul Rahim Khan-i-Khana was the son of Akbar’s trusted caretaker, Bairam Khan. Rahim translated Babar's memoirs, Baburnama from Chagatai language to Persian language. He wrote two books on astrology, Kheta Kautukama and Dwawishd Yogavali. His Hindi works include Dohas, Nagar Shobha, Barvai Nayika-Bhed, Barvai Bhaktiparak, Shringar-Sortha and Madnashtak. He also wrote Shlokas in Sanskrit.

Kwnzwdw imrzw Kwn Abdul rhIm Kwn-ey-Kwnw (17 idsMbr 1556-1627) nUM rhIm dy nW nwl vDyry jwixAw jWdw hY [ auh mhwrwjw Akbr dy drbwr dy nON rqnW iv`coN iek sn [ BwrqI pMjwb dy nvW Sihr ijlHy dy ipMf KwnKwnw dw nW aunHW dy nW qy hI r`iKAw igAw hY [ auh Akbr dy srpRsq bYrm KW dy pu`qr sn [aunHW ny bwbr dI ikqwb bwbrnwmw dw PwrsI iv`c Anuvwd kIqw [ aunHW ny Kgol ividAw qy vI ikqwbW ilKIAW [ aunW ny ihMdI iv`c dohy, ngr SoBw, brvY nwiXkw-Byd, brvY BkqIprk, iSRMgwr-sorTw Aqy mdnwStk dI rcnw kIqI [aunHW ny sMsikRq iv`c vI Slok rcy [

Guru Tegh Bahadur Sahib (1 April 1621 – 11 November 1675) was the youngest of the five sons of Guru Hargobind Sahib, the sixth Sikh Guru, and his wife Nanaki. He became the 9th Guru of Sikhs on 20 March 1665. Aurangzeb wanted to make India an Islamic country. A group of Kashmiri Pandits approached Guru Ji for help. They, on the advice of the Guru, told the Mughal authorities that they would willingly embrace Islam if Tegh Bahadur did the same. Guru Tegh Bahadur was executed for refusing to convert to Islam along with fellow devotees Bhai Mati Das, Bhai Sati Das and Bhai Dayala on 24 November 1675. His 59 Shabads and 57 Salokas are included in the Guru Granth Sahib.

gurU qyZ bhwdur swihb (1 ApRYl 1621-11 nvMbr 1675) CyvyN gurU hrgoibMd swihb jI dy pMj pu`qrW iv`coN sB qoN Coty sn, aunHW dI mwqw jI dw nW nwnkI sI [ auh 20 mwrc, 1665 nUM is`KW dy nOvyN gurU bxy [ muZl bwdSwh AOrMgzyb swry Bwrq nUM hI ieslwmI dyS bxwauxw cwhuMdw sI [ aus dy sqwey kSmIrI pMifq gurU jI kol Awey [ gurU jI dy kihx qy aunHW ny hkUmq nUM ikhw ik jykr gurU jI muslmwn bx jwx, qW auh swry vI muslmwn bx jwxgy [ gurU jI nUM Drm nw C`fx Aqy krwmwq nw idKwaux krky 24 nvMbr 1675 nUM hor is`KW BweI mqI dws, BweI sqI dws Aqy BweI idAwlw jI smyq ShId kr id`qw igAw [ aunHW dy 59 Sbd Aqy 57 slok gurU gRMQ swihb iv`c drj hn [

Ram Prasad Bismil (11 June 1897 - 19 December 1927 ) was the famous freedom fighter. He was born at Shahjahanpur, Uttar Pradesh. He was a patriotic poet and wrote in Hindi and Urdu. Bismil was one of the founder members of the revolutionary organisation Hindustan Republican Association (HRA). He was involved in the historic Kakori train robbery. He was hanged on 19 December 1927 at Gorakhpur Jail.

rwm pRswd ibsiml (11 jUn 1897-19 idsMbr 1927) pRis`D dyS Bgq sn [ aunHW dw jnm au`qr pRdyS dy Sihr SwhjhWpur iv`c hoieAw [ auh dyS Bgq hox dy nwl nwl aurdU Aqy ihMdI dy kvI vI sn [ auh kRWqIkwrIAW dI jQybMdI ihMdusqwn rIpblIkn AwrgynweIjySn dy sMsQwpk mYNbrW iv`coN sn [ aunHW nUM kwkorI kWf iv`c Swiml hox krky 19 idsMbr 1927 nUM PWsI dy id`qI geI [

duSXMq kumwr (isqMbr 27, 1931-idsMbr, 1975) dw jnm au`qr pRdyS dy ibjnOr ijly dy nvwdw ipMf ivc hoieAw [ aunHW ny AYm.ey. ihMdI q`k dI pVHweI Alwhwbwd qoN kIqI [ aunHW ny bhuq swrIAW kivqwvW, nwtk, lGU khwxIAW, nwvl Aqy ZzlW ilKIAW [aunHW nUM sB qoN v`D aunHW dy Zzl-sMgRih ‘swXy myN DUp’ krky jwixAW jWdw hY [ aunHW dIAW hor kwivk rcnwvW hn, phlI phcwn, sUrIXw kw svwgq, AwvwzoN ky Gyry Aqy jlqy huXy vn kw vsMq [ auh Awm jnqw dw kvI hY Aqy aunHW dI kivqw smwj vwsqy kOVI dvweI dI qrHW hY [aunHW dI bolI suKYn pr ArQ-BrpUr hY [ auh lokW dI AigAwnqw, frpokqw, fr Aqy d`uKW dI g`l krdw hoieAw vI AwSwvwdI bixAW rihMdw hY [ auh keI nvyN kvIAW leI vI pRyrnw-sRoq hn [

Gopal Das Neeraj (4 January 1924- ) is among the best-known poets in Hindi literature. He was born in the small village Puravali of Etawah in Uttar Pradesh, India. Some of his poetical works are Pran Geet, Aasavari, Neeraj Ki Paati, Geet Ageet, Dard Diya Hai, Badlon Se salaam Leta Hoon and Kaarvan Gujar Gaya. He also wrote songs for several Hindi Movies.

gopwl dws nIrj (4 jnvrI 1924- ) ihMdI swihq dy mMny pRmMny kvIAW iv`coN hn [ aunHW dw jnm au`qr pRdyS dy ietwvw ijlHy dy ipMf purwvlI iv`c hoieAw [ aunHW dIAW kwiv pusqkW iv`c pRwx gIq, nIrj kI pwqI, gIq AgIq, drd dIXw hY, bwdloN sy slwm lyqw hUM Aqy kwrvW guzr gXw Swiml hn [ aunHW ny keI pRis`D i&lmW dy gIqW dI rcnw vI kIqI [